一、虚拟机的克隆
1.通过命令克隆虚拟机
a.关闭虚拟机
[root@kvm ~]# virsh list Id Name State---------------------------------------------------- 1 vm1 running[root@kvm ~]# virsh shutdown vm1Domain vm1 is being shutdown[root@kvm ~]# virsh list --all Id Name State---------------------------------------------------- - vm1 shut off
b.使用命令克隆虚拟机
[root@kvm ~]# virt-clone -o vm1 -n vm2 -f /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.imgCloning vm1.qcow2 | 1.6 GB 00:33 Clone 'vm2' created successfully.#参数说明-o 表示要从哪个源进行clone-n 表示新虚拟机的名称-f 表示新虚拟机使用的disk文件(会自动创建)
二、对磁盘分区进行扩容
#安装工具[root@kvm ~]# yum -y install libguestfs-tools
1.查看原分区信息
[root@kvm ~]# qemu-img info /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img p_w_picpath: /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.imgfile format: qcow2virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)disk size: 1.6Gcluster_size: 65536[root@kvm ~]# virt-df -h /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img Filesystem Size Used Available Use%vm2.img:/dev/sda1 484M 32M 428M 7%vm2.img:/dev/VolGroup/lv_root 8.4G 806M 7.2G 10%
2.生成一个5G大小的qcow2磁盘
[root@kvm ~]# qemu-img create -f qcow2 /data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2 5GFormatting '/data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2', fmt=qcow2 size=5368709120 encryption=off cluster_size=65536 [root@kvm ~]# ll /data/kvm/hosts/total 4918548-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1737490432 Jul 30 10:00 vm1.qcow2-rwxr-xr-x 1 qemu qemu 1737687040 Jul 30 10:38 vm2.img-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197120 Jul 30 10:38 vm2_img_add.qcow2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10737418240 Jul 29 17:52 vm2.raw
3.新增配置文件
[root@kvm ~]# virsh edit vm2#这里注意盘符,不要有重复 #注意这里的槽位
4.重启vm2进行分区
[root@kvm ~]# virsh list Id Name State---------------------------------------------------- 2 vm2 running[root@kvm ~]# virsh reboot vm2#查看磁盘信息[root@vm2 ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/vda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 20805 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00007d4b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/vda1 * 3 1018 512000 83 LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/vda2 1018 20806 9972736 8e Linux LVMPartition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.#这是我们刚添加的磁盘Disk /dev/vdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10402 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 9168 MB, 9168748544 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1114 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 1040 MB, 1040187392 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 126 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000
5.将磁盘vdb设置成lvm格式
[root@vm2 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdbDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabelBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x362268c6.Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u').Command (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-10402, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-10402, default 10402): Using default value 10402Command (m for help): tSelected partition 1Hex code (type L to list codes): 8eChanged system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.[root@vm2 ~]# partx call: partx -opts [device] wholedisk
6.创建pv,扩展lvm
[root@vm2 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1 Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created[root@vm2 ~]# pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/vda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 9.51g 0 /dev/vdb1 lvm2 a-- 5.00g 5.00g[root@vm2 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 9.51g 0 #扩展vg大小 [root@vm2 ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/vdb1 Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended[root@vm2 ~]# vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree VolGroup 2 2 0 wz--n- 14.50g 5.00g #扩大了5G空间#调整大小前分区挂载信息如下[root@vm2 ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 8.5G 806M 7.2G 10% / #只有8.5Gtmpfs 246M 0 246M 0% /dev/shm/dev/vda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot #调整lvm大小[root@vm2 ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/VolGroup/lv_root Extending logical volume lv_root to 13.54 GiB Logical volume lv_root successfully resized[root@vm2 ~]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup/lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing requiredold desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup/lv_root to 3548160 (4k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/lv_root is now 3548160 blocks long.#再次查看挂载信息[root@vm2 ~]# df -hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 14G 808M 12G 7% / #分区大小已经调整到了14Gtmpfs 246M 0 246M 0% /dev/shm/dev/vda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot#在宿主机上查看vm2的磁盘信息[root@kvm ~]# virt-df -h /data/kvm/hosts/vm2.img /data/kvm/hosts/vm2_img_add.qcow2 Filesystem Size Used Available Use%vm2.img+:/dev/sda1 484M 32M 428M 7%vm2.img+:/dev/VolGroup/lv_root 13G 808M 12G 6%